Calculations show that establishing a solar power plant on a factory rooftop for electric energy production and supplying this energy for melting 40% of glass using electrodes has the lowest energy consumption among all four cases.
They last 5 to 10 times longer than lead-acid, deliver nearly twice the usable energy per battery, charge faster, and cost less per kWh over their lifetime. But they cost 2 to 3 times more upfront.